A COMPARISION, IN PRESERVATION OF EXTRACTION SOCKET WITH HYDROXYAPATITE BONE GRAFT AND EXTRACTION ALONE: A CINICAL AND RADIOGRAPHIC STUDY” A CASE REPORT

Abstract

Background: After tooth extraction, the alveolar socket will commonly decrease in volume and change morphologically. These changes can make replacement of teeth difficult. Tooth extraction normally results in a significant resorption of the alveolar ridge. The bone resorption process is initiated immediately after extraction, leading to an average 40–60% decrease in the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the alveolar ridge, during the first 2 years. The concept of site preservation after tooth extraction is essential because of the normal resorptive process of the healed ridge. This study focuses on the healing pattern of sockets, with and without the use of regenerative materials, and the rationale for preserving the dimensions of the extraction socket. Radiologic and clinical evidence is reviewed to provide an in-depth understanding of the logic behind and value of socket preservation. Material & Method: Randomly assigned to experimental group with nano crystalline hydroxyapatite bone graft and in control group extraction alone. The following parameters were assessed like clinical radiographic and ridge mapping methods. In clinical we measured horizontal and vertical lengths of socket immediate after atraumatic extraction of the both control and experimental site sockets and in radiographic evaluation we have done IOPA with grid for the specific vertical measurement of the socket at both sites and OPG with ball bearings as a reference point and then with the ridge mapping technique. We have followed the all 20 cases for the 3 months and 6 months of time duration. Results: A significantly greater horizontal resorption was observed at control sites (4.0 – 1.5 mm) compared to experimental sites (2.5 – 1.0 mm). The ridge height reduction at the buccal side was 3.5 – 1.5 mm for the control group, whereas it was 0.7 – 1.4 mm for the experimental group. Moreover, the vertical change at the lingual sites was 0.5 mm in the experimental group and 3 mm in the control group. Conclusion: that socket preservation with hydroxyapatite graft material preserves the socket height and width also in place of extraction alone so it will help in future prosthesis for the patient.